1. WHITE FUNGUS:
SPORES: Mycelia form at 15-32 degrees Celsius, the optimal range is 22-24 degrees Celsius.
MYCELIA: Environmental Temperature is at 6-34 degrees Celsius and the optimal range is 22-26 degrees Celsius.
SPOROCARPS: Suitable Temperature is 20-24 degrees Celsius. In the case of inoculation, the suitable range of water content on cut-log and bark is respectively 42%-47% and 44%-50%, the preferred range on relative air humidity is 80%-95%.
2. BLACK FUNGUS:
SPORES: They germinate with the fastest speed at 22-28 degrees Celsius, spores refuse to appear at above 36 degrees Celsius.
MYCELIA: Mycelia grow at a temperature range of 4-36 degrees Celsius, the optimal range is 22-30 degrees Celsius. During the growth period of mycelia, water content of substrate and cut-log should be respectively adjusted at a range of 60%-70% and 70%-80%.
SPOROCARPS: Suitable temperature range is 15-32 degrees Celsius, the preferred temperature range is 20-28 degrees Celsius. And, the fit relative humidity is at 90%-95%, sporocarps refuse to form below 70%.
3. MONKEY HEAD MUSHROOM (HERICIUM):
MYCELIA: Temperature range on growth is 12-33 degrees Celsius and the optimal range is 21-25 degrees Celsius.
SPOROCARPS: Temperature range on formation is 12-24 degrees Celsius and the optimal range is 15-22 degrees Celsius. In addition, 10-20 lux of scattered light is required. Water content on substrate should be adjusted at 60% and the preferred relative air humidity is at a range of 85%-95%.
4. BUTTON MUSHROOMS:
MYCELIA: Suitable temperature range is 3-34 degrees Celsius and the optimal range is 24-25 degrees Celsius. After mycelia become fully-grown, 12-16 degrees Celsius is appropriate. Besides, suitable water content on composting materials is 60%-70%, anaerobic fermentation occurs and substrate is blackened, or becomes sticky or stinking when it reaches over 70%. while fruiting white knobs, maintain relative air humidity at 90% and avoid direct sunlight.
5. OYSTER MUSHROOM:
MYCELIA: The optimal temperature for the growth of mycelia is 25 degrees Celsius or so, sporocarps show thick and superior quality at a range of 13-18 degrees Celsius. Most noticeably, when temperature reaches above 40 degrees Celsius for 2-3 hours, mycelia undoubtedly die.
Substrate requires 60%-65% of water content. During the growth period of mycelia, it is best to control relative air humidity below 70%, and lift it to 90% during the formation phase of sporocarp.
SPOROCARPS: Sporocarps lead tardy formation speed when relative air humidity is below 80% while they show low or even rotten quality at above 95%.
6. STRAW MUSHROOM:
MYCELIA: Suitable temperature range is 15-45 degrees Celsius and the optimal condition is 35 degrees Celsius. There is a sharp drop on growth speed when the humidity exceeds 40 degrees Celsius, and mycelia stop the growth below 10 degrees Celsius while they die below 5 degrees Celsius and at above 45 degrees Celsius.
Substrate requires 60%-70% of water content, during the growth period, suitable relative air humidity is 80% and it should be maintained at above 90% during the fruiting phase.
7. NAMEKO: For Low-temperature Type, growers could choose cultivation field in high-mountain and cold area, suitable temperature range during the fruiting phase is 5-10 degrees Celsius. In addition, be sure to adjust the water content of substrate at 65% and relative air humidity at a range of 60%-70%. After the inoculation, 70% of water content is preferred in substrate and 80%-95% of relative air humidity should be kept as well.
8. SHIITAKE: Diurnal temperature difference should be kept at above 10 degrees Celsius. The optimal temperature range during the growth phase is 25-27 degrees Celsius while 90% of relative air humidity is required during the fruiting period.
9. ENOKI MUSHROOM:
MYCELIA: The optimal temperature range during the growth phase is 24-28 degrees Celsius.
SPOROCARPS: 8-10 degrees Celsius is preferred, sporocarps fail to occur when the temperature is higher than 19 degrees Celsius. And, water content of substrate should be kept at 70%-80%, sporocarps lead unfavorable growth status below 60% or above 90%.
10. BLACK OYSTER MUSHROOM:
MYCELIA: In greenhouse, be sure to lay emphasis on light shelter, and maintain the inner temperature at a range of 8-17 degrees Celsius.
SPOROCARPS: Suitable temperature range during the growth period is 20-25 degrees Celsius and the optimal range is 10-15 degrees Celsius. In general, mycelia become fully-grown and sporocarps appear after 1-1.5 months.

On August 20, a batch of Hypsizygus marmoreus weighting 446,700 tons were exported to US from Hebei Bright Jiudao Mushroom Biotechnology Co., LTD.
“Fresh mushrooms produced in our company are up to international standard, this batch of Hypsizygus marmoreus were transported by waterage in 10-feet refrigerators, which guarantees the temperature range of 2-5 degrees Celsius for 24 hours. Besides, temperature recorders are put inside and hence temperature could be successively recorded for at least 60 days,” said general manager of Hebei Bright Jiudao Mushroom Biotechnology Co., LTD.
Hebei Bright Jiudao Mushroom Biotechnology Co., LTD. is the project jointly launched by Shanghai Bright Food Group and Linxi County of Hebei Province, and it holds 1.5 billion CNY of investment, annual output on fresh Enoki, White beech, Brown Shimeji and Velvet mushroom comes to 60,000 tons. By now, industrialized mushroom base which holds the largest global monomer scale has been built within the company, and it has provided stable jobs for over 1000 population, of which 400 are in poor situation.

As the second largest mushroom variety in China, Black fungus occupies 18% of China’s gross mushroom output.
“In 2017, gross mushroom output attained 528,000 tons and output value reached 13 billion CNY in Yunnan Province of China. By 2020, the expected gross output is going to attain 720,000 tons while the estimated comprehensive output value comes to over 30 billion CNY within the province,” introduces Mr. Sun Dafeng, president of Mushroom Association of Yunnan Province, China warmly, going on that Black fungus cultivation gains popularity in Yunnan Province and local Black fungus industry requires a breakthrough from resource, variety, cultivation, preservation, processing, standard and other aspects so as to strive for a healthy and sustainable development trend.

A mushrooms operation in Suffolk and Norfolk is set for growth after securing a long-term contract with a national retail chain. Waveney Mushrooms, a family-owned business, says it is planning to invest in its operations and create new jobs after clinching a long-term supply deal with Aldi to stock its produce until 2021.

The firm, which operates farms across the two counties including at Bungay, has supplied Aldi for 20 years.

The three-year deal will enable the grower to further invest in its packing and growing facilities, drive efficiency and create new jobs, it says.

Since the partnership began, Waveney, which employs 175 staff, has supplied over 20,000 tonnes of produce to the retailer and the investment has led to the creation of more than 80 new jobs at its sites.

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Source: Eastern Daily Press